This is one of the common treatments for provide optimal performance among athletes, and is based on the Western concepts of anatomy and physiology. The most common type of massage in the Western world is Swedish massage. There are several kinds of therapeutic massage. Massage can increase muscle mass temperature and blood flow, and this might help to increase muscle compliance and minimize muscle stiffness. All massage manipulations introduce mechanical forces into the soft tissues by means of “mechanotransduction”. Manual therapeutic massage is the most applied type of passive physical therapy and it is one of the oldest forms of medicine known to humanity, having been practiced worldwide since ancient times. Physical therapy may contribute to the improvement of disabilities and quality of life in these individuals. ![]() They involve together in impairments and functional problems that can lead to costly complications. The individuals that have suffered from a stroke present various upper motor neuron syndrome, signs and symptoms, including weakness, spasticity, lack of coordination and agonist antagonist co-contraction, with up to 50% of survivors being chronically disabled. Stroke is a leading cause of long-term adult disability. Conclusions: Therapeutic massage, especially Tuina, in addition to conventional therapy is effective for improving motor function and for reducing spasticity in stroke survivors. The MD on upper limb spasticity using modified Ashworth scale was −0.15 (95% CI from −0.24 to −0.06, p < 0.02, I 2 = 0%).The MD on lower limb spasticity was −0.59 (95% CI from −0.78 to −0.40, p < 0.001, I 2 = 0%) in the endpoint. The mean difference (MD) in the subacute stage on upper limb motor-function using the Fugl Meyer Assessment was 2.75 (95% confidence interval (CI) from 0.97 to 4.53, p = 0.002, I 2 = 36%). A meta-analysis of RCTs in the comparison of Chinese massage (Tuina) plus conventional physiotherapy versus conventional physiotherapy was performed. Results: A total of 3196 studies were identified and 18 RCT were finally included (1989 individuals). The primary outcome was upper and lower limb motor function and spasticity. Two reviewers independently screened references, selected relevant studies, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the PEDro scale. The bibliography was screened to identify randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Methods: A systematic review of the nine medical databases from January 1961 to December 2020 was carried out. ![]()
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